Cat5E

CAT5 Cable/ CAT5e Cable Background

Short for Category 5, Cat5E cable is network cabling that consists of four twisted pairs of copper wire terminated by RJ45 connectors. Cat 5 cabling supports frequencies up to 100 MHz and speeds up to 1000 Mbps. It can be used for ATM, token ring, 1000Base-T, 100Base-T, and 10Base-T networking. Cat 5e cable runs should be limited to a maximum length of 328 feet (100 meters)

Currently Cat5e has replaced Cat5 as the industry standard for data cablimg communication and is rated up to 350 Mhz. Computers hooked up to a LAN are connected using Cat 5e cables, so if you're on a LAN, most likely the cable running out of the back of your PC is Category 5.

Cat5e cable is known as a twisted pair cable and comes in either solid or stranded types. Solid CAT5ecable supports long cable runs and is designed for fixed cabling situations like homes, offices, and buildings. Stranded CAT5E cable is more pliable and better suited for shorter-distances. Stranded CAT5 cable is commonly used for patch cables or crossover cables.

Cat 5 is based on the EIA/TIA 568 Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard developed by the Electronics Industries Association as requested by the Computer Communications Industry Association in 1985.

How to wire a CAT5 (EIA 568-A*) Cable.

connector #1	connector #2
1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT	1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT

The only real difference between 568A and 568B is that
the White/Orange-Orange/White and White/Green-Green/White pairs are swapped.

How to wire a "Crossover" Cable. (EIA 568-B*)

connector #1	connector #2
1 WHT/ORG 2 ORG/WHT 3 WHT/GRN 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 GRN/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT	1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 BRN/WHT 8 WHT/BRN

Cat 6 Cabling

Short for Category 6, Cat6cable is network cabling that consists of four twisted pairs of copper wire terminated by RJ45 connectors. Cat 6 cabling supports frequencies up to 550 MHz and speeds up to 1000 Mbps. It can be used for High Speed LAN's, token ring, 1000Base-T, 100Base-T, and 10Base-T networking.
 

Cat6 cable is known as a twisted pair cable and comes in either solid or stranded types. Solid CAT6cable supports long cable runs and is designed for fixed cabling situations like homes, offices, and buildings. Stranded CAT 6 cable is more pliable and better suited for shorter-distances. Stranded CAT6 cable is commonly used for patch cables or crossover cables.

Cat 6 Cable is designed for the requirements of fast broadband applications and is the most popular cabling for new installs used today.

Cat6 is based on the EIA/TIA 568 Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standard developed by the Electronics Industries Association as requested by the Computer Communications Industry Association in 1985.

How to Make a Category 6 Patch Cable

We Have received many requests from our customers for information on how to make a Category 6 cable. So below we will discuss the basic instructions for creating your own CAT6 patch cables. We hope you find the instructions informative

• Strip the cables Jacket back one full inch.
• Untwist the wires back to within 1/8" of the jacket.
• Arrange the wires in the order in which you want to crimp them. You can choose from either the 568-A or 568-B wiring methods, however the 568-A is the most commonly used.
• Grasp the wires firmly, between your thumb and forefinger, flatten them, and even wiggle them a bit, to take out the curliness, (concentrate your efforts on the bottom 1/2") the wires must lay flat and together, aligned as close as possible.
• While holding the wires firmly, cut off the the wires 1/2" from the cables jacket (Cut the wires with some sharp wire strippers or even high quality scissors, avoid wire cutters that flatten the ends of the wires insulating material, this makes stuffing the wires very difficult.)
• Stuff the wires into the connector, making sure the wires stay lined up. Push moderately hard to assure that all of the wires have reached the end of the connector. Be sure that the cable jacket goes into the back of the connector by about 3/16".
• Place the connector into a crimp tool, and squeeze hard so that the handle reaches it's full swing.
• Repeat the process on the other end. For a straight through cable, use the same wiring.
• Use a cable tester to test for proper continuity

How to wire a CAT6 (EIA 568-B*) Cable.

connector #1	connector #2
1 WHT/ORG 2 ORG/WHT 3 WHT/GRN 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 GRN/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT	1 WHT/ORG 2 ORG/WHT 3 WHT/GRN 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 GRN/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT

How to wire a CAT6 (EIA 568-A*) Cable.

connector #1	connector #2
1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT	1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT

The only real difference between 568A and 568B is that
the White/Orange-Orange/White and White/Green-Green/White pairs are swapped.

How to wire a "Crossover" Cable. (EIA 568-B*)

connector #1	connector #2
1 WHT/ORG 2 ORG/WHT 3 WHT/GRN 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 GRN/WHT 7 WHT/BRN 8 BRN/WHT	1 WHT/GRN 2 GRN/WHT 3 WHT/ORG 4 BLU/WHT 5 WHT/BLU 6 ORG/WHT 7 BRN/WHT 8 WHT/BRN

.

CONSTRUCTION: Coaxial Cable Stranded or solid, bare or tinned, copper or copper-clad steel conductor, polyethylene, semisolid polyethylene, polyethylene foam dielectric, bare or tinned copper braid shield.

JACKET: PVC

USES: Coaxial Cable is for use in the interconnection of data processing equipment, information systems, LAN's, CATV, CCTV, MATV, and two-way radio in compliance with the National Electric Code, NEC article 725 type CL2 or UL 1354 and UL 1478

TYPES:
Single: Single drop coaxial cable is well suited for a wide range of general purpose indoor and outdoor applications.

Messengered: Messengered coaxial cable is recommended for longer spans when higher strength is required to improve reliability in severe weather conditions. A galvanized steel messenger wire is integrally joined to the coaxial cable by an overall extruded jacket and connecting web.

• Pole-to-House
  A high, flex-life messenger wire is utilized making it ideal for wrapping around span clamps and "P" hooks. The wire can be easily cut for installation purposes and has superior break strength compared to other versions available in similar sizes. Messenger sizes vary; refer to specifications.
• Pole-to-Pole
  An extra high strength 0.109 inch (2.77mm) wire with an 1800 pound (8007N) break strength is used for clearance control between power and telephone cables and for resistance to heavy loading such as ice, wind and other hazardous conditions.

Dual: Two single coaxial cables are joined by an overall extruded PVC jacket and connecting web for use in apartments and dual plant systems since it is more economical to install one siamese coaxial cable than two single cables.

Dual Messengered: A PVC jacketed, galvanized steel wire is integrally attached to the jacket of the Dual coaxial cable by an extruded web. The wire act as a support for the cable in pole-to-house drops. Refer to messengered, pole-to-house for an explanation of high flex-life wire.

CONSTRUCTION: Stranded or solid, bare or tinned, copper or copper-clad steel conductor, FEP and FEP foam dielectric, bare or tinned copper braid shield, and/or aluminum mylar shield(s).

JACKET: Teflon® 200° C, ECTFE 150° C, PVDF copolymer 125° C, or low smoke PVC 75° C.

USES: For use in air plenums without conduit for the interconnection of data processing equipment, information systems, LAN's, CATV, CCTV, MATV, and two-way radio in compliance with the National Fire Protective Association and the National Electric Code, NEC article 725 type CL2P.

CONSTRUCTION: Solid bare copper or copper-clad steel conductors, polyethylene foam dielectric, aluminum braid, and aluminum polyester foil shields.

JACKET: PVC

USES: For use in CATV, CCTV, and MATV systems in compliance with the National Electric Code, NEC article 725 type CL2.

CONSTRUCTION: Stranded tinned copper conductor, polyethylene foam dielectric, tinned copper braid, and aluminum polyester foil shields.

JACKET: PVC

USES: For use in the interconnection of data processing equipment, information systems, LAN's, CATV, CCTV, MATV, and two-way radio in compliance with the National Electric Code, NEC article 725 type CL2, IEEE 802.3.

CONSTRUCTION: Solid bare copper conductor, solid polyethylene dielectric, tinned copper braid shields.

JACKET: PVC or polyethylene.

USES: For use in the interconnection of video signal transmission equipment in television stations in compliance with the National Electric Code, NEC article 725 type CL2, where applicable.

CONSTRUCTION: Stranded bare or tinned copper conductors, solid polyethylene dielectric, twisted core assembly, aluminum polyester foil shields, and tinned copper braid with stranded tinned copper drain wire.

JACKET: PVC

USES: For use in standard computer peripheral interconnection in baseband networks performing up to 10 Mbps in compliance with the National Electric Code, NEC article 800 type CM.

.

Fiber Optics

Fiber Optic cable employs photons for the transmission of digital signals. A fiber optic cable consists of a strand of pure glass a little larger than a human hair. Photons pass through the glass with negligible resistance. The glass is so clear that, according to Michael Coden of Codenoll Technologies Corporation (a major fiber vendor), “a 3-mile-thick fiber optic window would give you the same view as a 1/8-inch-thick plate glass window.” The optic core of fiber optic cable is pure silicon dioxide. It makes for good tricks. You can wrap it around yourself, then shine a light in one end and see that light on the other end. Copper cable, on the other hand, is subject to problems with attenuation, capacitance, and crosstalk.

Fiber optic cable is resistant to electromagnetic interference and generates no radiation of its own. This last point is important in locations where high levels of security must be maintained. Copper wire radiates energy that can be monitored. In contrast, taps in fiber optic cable are easily detected. fiber optic cable also extends to much longer distances than copper cable.

Information is transmitted through fiber optic cable by pulsing laser light. The electronic 1s and 0s of computers are converted to optically coded 1s and 0s. A light-emitting diode on one end of the cable then flashes those signals down the cable. At the other end, a simple photodetector collects the light and converts it back to electrical signals for transmission over copper cable networks.

Cable Construction

Figure 1-A illustrates the fiber optic cable structure. The core is the transparent glass (or plastic) component of the cable. Light shines through it from one end to the other. The cladding, which is a glass sheath that surrounds the core, is a key component. Like a mirror, it reflects light back into the core. As light passes through the cable, its rays bounce off the cladding in different ways as shown in Figure 1-B.

FIGURE 1-A. fiber optic cable structures
FIGURE 1-B. Light dispersion in fiber optic cable